Axilari

Axilari is a term that refers to the anatomical region located in the underarm or armpit area of the human body. This region is medically significant as it contains important structures including lymph nodes, blood vessels, and nerve clusters that serve various physiological functions.

The axillary region is bounded by the upper arm medially and the chest wall laterally, forming a shallow depression where the arm connects to the torso. This area houses the axillary lymph nodes, which are part of the lymphatic system and play a crucial role in immune function by filtering lymphatic fluid and helping to fight infections. The presence of these lymph nodes makes the axillary region clinically important for diagnosing certain medical conditions, particularly in cancer staging and assessment.

The axillary artery and vein run through this region, providing blood supply to the upper extremity. These vessels are continuations of the subclavian artery and vein, transitioning from the shoulder area into the arm. Additionally, the brachial plexus, a network of nerves that controls movement and sensation in the arm and hand, passes through the axillary space.

From a physiological standpoint, the axillary region contains apocrine sweat glands that contribute to body odor production when bacteria break down their secretions. This area also serves as a common site for hair growth, which can trap moisture and bacteria, making proper hygiene important for preventing infections.

In medical practice, the axillary region is frequently examined during physical assessments, particularly when evaluating lymph node enlargement, circulatory issues, or neurological problems affecting the upper limbs. Surgical procedures may also involve this area, especially in cases requiring lymph node biopsy or treatment of vascular conditions affecting the arm.