Awning

An awning is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building, projecting outward to shade windows, doors, or outdoor spaces. Typically consisting of a frame and a fabric or solid canopy, awnings aim to reduce solar heat gain, block rain, and protect furnishings from UV exposure.

Awnings come in two broad forms: stationary and retractable. Stationary or fixed awnings are permanently mounted and provide constant shading, while retractable designs can be extended as needed and retracted during high winds or snow. Retractable systems may be operated manually with a crank or automatically with a motor, sometimes using wind or sun sensors.

Construction and materials vary. Frames are usually aluminum or steel for durability; wooden frames are used in some traditional settings. Canopies use fabrics such as acrylic or vinyl-coated polyester, often with weather-resistant coatings. Some systems use solid panels or louvered slats in place of fabric.

Installation and maintenance: proper mounting to structural elements and correct slope aid drainage and wind resistance. Fabric surfaces require cleaning and periodic replacement, typically every five to fifteen years depending on material and exposure. Regular inspection of joints, brackets, and mechanisms extends service life; retracting in windy conditions is advised.

History and use: awnings have been used since ancient times to provide shade and weather protection. Early textiles and wooden frames evolved over centuries, with modern mass-produced aluminum frames and durable fabrics becoming common in the 20th century. Today, awnings are used on residential and commercial buildings to improve comfort and energy efficiency.