Avitamínová

Avitaminosis is a medical condition caused by a prolonged deficiency of one or more essential vitamins in the diet. These vitamins are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts for proper growth, metabolism, and overall health. When the body does not receive enough of a particular vitamin, it can lead to a range of symptoms and health problems specific to that vitamin's function.

For example, a deficiency in vitamin C can result in scurvy, characterized by fatigue, bleeding gums, and poor wound healing. A lack of vitamin D can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults, affecting bone health. Insufficient intake of vitamin A can cause night blindness and compromise immune function. Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency leads to beriberi, affecting the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency causes pellagra, with symptoms including dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

Avitaminosis is often preventable and treatable through dietary changes and vitamin supplementation. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins typically provides adequate amounts of essential vitamins. However, certain populations, such as those with restrictive diets, malabsorption disorders, or increased nutritional needs, may be at higher risk of developing vitamin deficiencies. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms, medical history, and sometimes blood tests to measure vitamin levels.