Autoclau

Autoclau is not a widely recognized term in English and is likely a misspelling or regional variation of autoclave. In many languages the device is called autoklav or similar, but in English the standard term is autoclave. An autoclave is a steam-based sterilization device that uses moist saturated steam under pressure to reach temperatures above 100°C, enabling rapid destruction of microorganisms and spores.

Operation relies on exposing conditioned loads to high-temperature steam for a defined period. Most cycles involve loading items in approved containers, sealing the chamber, heating to the target temperature and pressure, maintaining exposure, then depressurizing and drying. Common process conditions include 121°C at 15 psi for about 10–20 minutes, or 134°C at 2–3 bar for about 3–5 minutes, with exact times depending on load type and sterilization guidelines.

Types and uses vary from compact benchtop units in laboratories to large industrial autoclaves in hospitals and pharmaceutical facilities. They sterilize surgical instruments, glassware, culture media, and waste materials, and they are used in medical, dental, and research settings as well as for equipment sterilization in manufacturing.

Monitoring and safety are integral features. Modern autoclaves include safety interlocks, pressure relief mechanisms, and programmable cycles. Sterilization indicators comprise chemical indicators on packs, biological indicators (such as spore vials) for process verification, and general process indicators. Standards guiding practice include ISO 17665 and ISO 11134 for steam sterilizers, with EN 13060 covering small steam sterilizers.