Augnslímhúðina

Augnslímhúðina, also known as the conjunctiva, is a thin, transparent membrane that lines the outer surface of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. It is a mucous membrane that plays a crucial role in protecting and lubricating the eye. The conjunctiva is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and contains goblet cells, which produce mucin, a component of the tear film that helps to keep the eye moist and comfortable.

The conjunctiva is divided into three main parts: the bulbar conjunctiva, which covers the sclera (the white part of the eye); the palpebral conjunctiva, which lines the inner surface of the eyelids; and the fornix, which is the fold where the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva meet. This continuous membrane forms a sac that encloses the eyeball, preventing foreign particles from entering the deeper structures of the eye.

The conjunctiva is well-vascularized, which allows it to play a role in the immune defense of the eye. It contains lymphoid tissue and can mount an inflammatory response to irritants, allergens, and pathogens. Conditions affecting the conjunctiva are common and include conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, which can be caused by viral, bacterial, or allergic factors. Other conditions include pterygium, a growth of tissue that can extend onto the cornea, and pinguecula, a yellowish deposit on the conjunctiva. Maintaining good hygiene and seeking medical attention for persistent eye irritation are important for conjunctival health.