Atsükloviir

Atsükloviir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain herpes viruses. It is particularly effective against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Atsükloviir works by inhibiting viral DNA replication, thereby stopping the virus from multiplying. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, acyclovir triphosphate, within infected cells. This active form then competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA, and once incorporated, it terminates the growing DNA chain.

Atsükloviir is available in various formulations, including oral tablets, capsules, and intravenous injections, as well as topical creams and ointments. It is prescribed for conditions such as genital herpes, cold sores (herpes labialis), shingles (herpes zoster), and chickenpox (varicella). The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific infection and the patient's overall health.

Common side effects of atsükloviir can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness. More serious side effects, though rare, may involve kidney problems, neurological effects, or allergic reactions. It is important for patients to inform their healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially kidney disease, and any other medications they are taking to ensure safe and effective use of atsükloviir. While effective, atsükloviir does not cure herpes infections but helps to manage symptoms and reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks.