Arstiteaduses
Arstiteadused, or medical science, is the scholarly field focused on understanding human health and disease and on developing methods to diagnose, treat, and prevent illness. It spans basic biomedical disciplines such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pathology, and clinical sciences including internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, and obstetrics. It also encompasses public health, epidemiology, health services research, and medical ethics, with a strong emphasis on evidence-based practice and patient safety.
Historically, medical science emerged from practical healing traditions and evolved through the scientific revolution, clinical observation,