Arequipa

Arequipa is a city in southern Peru, capital of the Arequipa Region and of Arequipa Province. It lies in the valley of the Chili River at the foot of the El Misti volcanic cone, at an altitude of about 2,335 meters. The city is known as the White City for its buildings made from sillar, a bright white volcanic stone quarried nearby.

Founded in 1540 by Garcí Manuel de Carbajal, Arequipa possesses a historic center that was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. The designation recognizes its well-preserved colonial architecture, notably built in sillar and reflecting a blend of European and Andean influences. Notable landmarks include the Santa Catalina Monastery, the Plaza de Armas, and the Church of the Company (Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús). The city's streets and churches conserve a distinctive Arequipan character.

As the capital of the region, Arequipa is a major commercial and cultural hub. The economy centers on services, trade, tourism, and light manufacturing in the surrounding hinterland. With an urban population around one million, it is Peru's second-largest city and serves as a gateway to nearby natural and archaeological sites such as the Colca Canyon.

Arequipa has a dry, highland climate with cool nights and relatively low rainfall. Its altitude fosters a large diurnal temperature range. The city is served by Rodríguez Ballón International Airport and is connected by road to other major destinations in southern Peru.

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