Arbat

Arbat refers to a historic street and the surrounding district in central Moscow, Russia. The Old Arbat Street (Ulitsa Arbat) is a pedestrian street dating back to at least the 15th century, running roughly westward from Arbatskaya Square toward Smolenskaya Square. It has long been a thoroughfare, commercial corridor, and social hub, hosting shops, cafés, markets, and a variety of architectural styles, from wooden 18th‑century houses to neoclassical mansions.

The street and the surrounding area have endured significant changes over the centuries. They survived wars and upheavals, with much of the historic fabric preserved or restored after damage in the 20th century. In the late Soviet period, efforts were made to maintain Old Arbat’s historic ambience while incorporating modernization and new amenities.

New Arbat Avenue (Novy Arbat) is a separate, wider arterial road developed in the mid-20th century to connect the city center with western districts. It runs near the historic street and is lined with contemporary high‑rise buildings, offices, and commercial blocks, reflecting Moscow’s modernization alongside the older district.

Today, Old Arbat remains a popular tourist and cultural district known for street performers, artists, galleries, and souvenir stalls. It is home to several museums and cultural venues and remains easily accessible via Moscow Metro stations such as Arbatskaya and Smolenskaya, making it a central hub for locals and visitors alike. The name Arbat is also used to refer to the broader historic district surrounding the street.