Aprotycznych

Aprotycznych is the genitive plural form of the Polish adjective aproticzny, used to describe substances in contexts such as chemistry. In common usage, the standard adjective is aproticzny, and phrases describing such substances often take the form rozpuszczalniki aprotyczne or rozpuszczalniki aproticzne. The form aprotycznych appears in sentences where the noun it modifies is in the genitive case.

In science, aprotic (aproticzny) refers to substances or environments that do not donate protons (H+). In chemistry, protic substances contain at least one hydrogen that can be donated in an acid-base reaction, while aprotic substances do not. This distinction is especially important in acid–base theory and in solvent effects on reaction mechanisms. Aproticzne rozpuszczalniki lack acidic hydrogen atoms and typically do not participate in proton transfer, which can influence reaction rates and pathways.

Aproticzne solvents can be polar or non-polar. Common polar aprotic solvents include acetone, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and dimethylformamide (DMF); common non-polar examples include certain hydrocarbon solvents. These solvents are often contrasted with protic solvents such as water, alcohols, and carboxylic acids, which can donate protons. The term is widely used in organic synthesis, catalysis, and materials chemistry to describe conditions that favor certain reaction mechanisms, such as SN2 processes that proceed more rapidly in polar aprotic media.

See also proticzny (protic) and aproticzny, proticzny vs aproticzny.