Antiabsolutism

Antiabsolutism is a political concept and movement that opposes absolute monarchy and other forms of absolute rule. It advocates for systems of government where power is limited and accountable, typically through constitutionalism, representative democracy, or other forms of checks and balances. The core principle of antiabsolutism is that no single ruler or entity should possess unlimited authority, as this can lead to tyranny and the suppression of individual rights.

Historically, antiabsolutist sentiments gained prominence during periods of Enlightenment thought and revolutionary activity. Thinkers like John Locke articulated ideas of natural rights and the social contract, suggesting that governments derive their legitimacy from the consent of the governed and are bound by certain principles. These ideas fueled movements seeking to challenge the divine right of kings and establish governments based on popular sovereignty.

Examples of antiabsolutist struggles can be seen in the English Civil War, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution, all of which aimed to dismantle or significantly curtail monarchical power in favor of more representative forms of government. In modern times, antiabsolutism is reflected in the widespread adoption of democratic principles, constitutional monarchies, and republics that emphasize the rule of law and the protection of civil liberties. The concept remains relevant in ongoing debates about governance, human rights, and the distribution of political power globally.