Analogverstärkung

Analogverstärkung, often translated as analog amplification, refers to the process of increasing the amplitude or strength of an analog electrical signal. This is a fundamental operation in electronics, essential for tasks ranging from boosting weak sensor outputs to driving loudspeakers. An analog amplifier takes an input signal and produces a replica of that signal at its output, but with a larger amplitude. The ratio of the output amplitude to the input amplitude is known as the gain of the amplifier. Gain can be expressed as a dimensionless number, in decibels (dB), or in volts per volt (V/V).

Analog amplifiers work by using an external power source to add energy to the signal. Transistors, vacuum tubes, and operational amplifiers (op-amps) are common components used to achieve this amplification. These active components control the flow of current from the power supply based on the input signal, thereby modulating the output to match the input's waveform but with increased amplitude.

Different types of analog amplifiers exist, categorized by their function and circuit design. Voltage amplifiers increase the voltage of a signal, while current amplifiers increase its current. Transconductance amplifiers convert an input voltage to an output current, and transresistance amplifiers do the reverse. The design of an analog amplifier involves careful consideration of factors such as gain, bandwidth (the range of frequencies it can amplify effectively), linearity (how accurately the output signal replicates the input waveform), and noise (unwanted signals that can be introduced during amplification).