Alphainfluenzavirus

Alphainfluenzavirus is a genus of viruses within the family Orthomyxoviridae. This genus contains species that infect a wide range of animals. While commonly referred to as influenza viruses, alphainfluenzaviruses are distinct from the influenzaviruses that primarily infect humans, which belong to the genus Quaranjavirus. The genetic material of alphainfluenzaviruses consists of segmented negative-sense single-stranded RNA. These viruses are known for their rapid mutation rates, a characteristic that contributes to their ability to adapt and evolve. The surface of alphainfluenzaviruses is covered with two major glycoproteins: hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, which play crucial roles in viral attachment and release from host cells. Alphainfluenzaviruses are responsible for various diseases in their respective hosts, impacting animal health and, in some cases, posing zoonotic risks to humans. Research into alphainfluenzaviruses is ongoing, focusing on understanding their transmission, pathogenesis, and the development of diagnostic tools and potential antiviral strategies. Their study is important for both veterinary medicine and public health surveillance.