Alimento

Alimento is a term used to designate any substance that provides nourishment for living organisms, especially humans, through ingestion. In Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian, it refers to food or sustenance consumed to maintain life, energy, and growth. The word derives from Latin alimentum, meaning nourishment or sustenance, and entered Romance languages with a similar sense.

In nutrition, alimentos include items that supply macronutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—and micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, as well as water. They can be natural or processed, and may be fortified or enriched to enhance nutritional value. Beverages are typically considered alimentos when they contribute nutrients or energy.

Categories of alimentos reflect common dietary patterns, including fruits, vegetables, grains and cereals, legumes, dairy products, meat and fish, eggs, fats and oils, and various beverages. Dietary guidelines often promote variety, balance, moderation, and attention to portion sizes to support health, growth, and energy needs. Cultural and regional cuisines shape the selection and preparation of alimentos, influencing taste, availability, and traditional practices.

Regulation, labeling, and safety of alimentos vary by country, encompassing standards for quality, contaminants, and allergen information. The term is frequently used in everyday language, culinary contexts, and nutritional discourse to denote food items or nourishment as a whole.

See also nutrition, diet, food safety.