Agrochemij

Agrochemij is a term that is usually treated as a variant of agrochemistry or agrochemical science. It denotes the field concerned with chemicals used in agriculture to improve crop productivity, protect plants from pests and diseases, and support soil and plant health. The scope includes the development, production, formulation, registration, and stewardship of agricultural chemicals such as mineral and organic fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, plant growth regulators, and soil conditioners.

Key activities include chemical synthesis and formulation, analytical testing, toxicology and residue analysis, environmental fate and transport, and risk assessment. The field integrates chemistry with agronomy, plant pathology, ecology, and regulatory science, aiming to maximize efficacy while minimizing health and environmental risks.

Regulation is central: agricultural chemicals undergo regulatory review before market approval. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency reviews active ingredients under FIFRA; in the European Union, Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 governs approval and use, complemented by REACH for chemical substances. Safety data, labeling, and withdrawal periods are standard features.

Trends include the move toward sustainable and precision agriculture, reduced-risk formulations, biodegradable carriers, and integrated pest management. Ongoing research addresses resistance management, non-target effects, and the environmental footprint of agrochemicals, with emphasis on transparency and responsible use.