Adatstruktúráit

Adatstruktúráit, or data structures in English, refers to a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently. Different data structures are suited for different kinds of applications, and some are highly specialized to certain problems. The choice of data structure significantly impacts the performance of algorithms that operate on the data.

Common examples of data structures include arrays, which store elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations, allowing for direct access using an index. Linked lists are another fundamental structure, where elements are stored in nodes, each containing data and a pointer to the next node, enabling dynamic resizing. Stacks operate on a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle, useful for tasks like function call management. Queues follow a First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle, often used in scheduling and buffering.

Trees, such as binary trees and their variations like binary search trees, organize data hierarchically, facilitating efficient searching and sorting. Graphs represent relationships between objects, used for modeling networks and complex systems. Hash tables provide very fast average-case insertion and retrieval times by using a hash function to map keys to array indices. Understanding and selecting the appropriate data structure is a core concept in computer science and software development.