Acrylsäure

Acrylsäure, also known as acrylic acid, is a colorless, viscous liquid with a pungent odor. Its chemical formula is C3H4O2, and it belongs to the class of unsaturated carboxylic acids. Acrylsäure is characterized by a carbon-carbon double bond adjacent to a carboxyl group, which confers its reactivity and polymerization potential.

Acrylsäure is primarily produced through the oxidation of propylene, a process that involves the catalytic radical oxidation of propylene in the presence of acetic acid and environmentally friendly oxidants. It can also be obtained by the hydrolysis of acrylonitrile or from propionaldehyde oxidation.

This compound is widely used as a building block in the manufacture of superabsorbent polymers, acrylic resins, and adhesives. Its derivatives, such as sodium acrylate and acrylamide, are integral to various industrial applications including water treatment, textiles, and paper production.

Acrylsäure is classified as hazardous due to its corrosiveness and potential health risks. It can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact and may pose inhalation hazards. Proper handling, storage, and disposal are essential to minimize occupational and environmental risks.

Due to its reactivity, acrylsäure readily undergoes polymerization, especially in the presence of polymerization initiators such as peroxides and azo compounds. Polymerized forms of acrylsäure, notably polyacrylates, are extensively utilized in consumer products and industrial applications.

In summary, acrylsäure is a versatile chemical with significant industrial relevance, but also warrants careful management due to its health and safety considerations.