ARAP2

ARAP2, also known as Actin-Related Protein 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARAP2 gene. This gene is located on chromosome 17q21.3. ARAP2 is a member of the ARP family of proteins, which are involved in actin-based processes such as cell motility, cytokinesis, and cell division. The ARP family includes ARP1, ARP2, ARP3, and ARP4.

ARAP2 plays a crucial role in the formation of the actin cytoskeleton, which is essential for cell shape, motility, and adhesion. It interacts with other proteins, such as actin and profilin, to regulate actin dynamics. ARAP2 is also involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell migration, invasion, and metastasis.

Mutations in the ARAP2 gene have been associated with several diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In cancer, ARAP2 is often overexpressed, contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. In neurodegenerative diseases, ARAP2 dysregulation has been linked to the development of motor neuron diseases and Alzheimer's disease.

ARAP2 is a highly conserved protein, with orthologs found in various species, including mice, rats, and flies. This conservation suggests that ARAP2 plays a fundamental role in cellular processes that are essential for life. Further research is needed to fully understand the functions of ARAP2 and its role in disease.