AHRmediated

AhR-mediated refers to processes or effects that are influenced or regulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor. The AhR is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors and plays a crucial role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes. It is primarily activated by environmental pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins, as well as by endogenous ligands like biliverdin and certain fatty acids.

The AhR-mediated pathway involves the binding of a ligand to the AhR, which then undergoes a conformational change and translocates to the nucleus. There, it forms a heterodimer with the AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) and binds to specific DNA sequences known as xenobiotic response elements (XREs). This interaction activates the transcription of target genes, leading to the production of various proteins that modulate cellular responses to stress, inflammation, and immune function.

AhR-mediated processes are implicated in a wide range of biological functions, including detoxification, immune response, and cancer development. For example, the AhR pathway is involved in the induction of phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes, which help in the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics. It also plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory responses and the modulation of immune cell function. In cancer, the AhR pathway has been shown to influence cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

Research on AhR-mediated processes is ongoing, with a focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation and the development of targeted therapies for diseases associated with AhR activation or dysregulation.