ACEinhibitoroknál

ACEinhibitorok, or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors, are a class of medications primarily used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. They work by blocking the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This system regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone, a hormone that causes the body to retain sodium and water.

The result of this inhibition is a widening of blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure. This also reduces the workload on the heart, making it more efficient at pumping blood, which is beneficial in heart failure. ACE inhibitors are also prescribed for individuals who have had a heart attack or have diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease caused by diabetes), as they can help protect the kidneys and prevent further cardiovascular complications.

Commonly prescribed ACE inhibitors include medications like lisinopril, enalapril, and ramipril. While generally well-tolerated, potential side effects can include a dry cough, dizziness, fatigue, and a rise in potassium levels. In rare cases, more serious reactions such as angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat) can occur, requiring immediate medical attention. ACE inhibitors are typically taken orally, once or twice a day, depending on the specific drug and dosage. Their effectiveness in managing cardiovascular conditions has made them a cornerstone of treatment for millions of patients worldwide.