ACAM2000

ACAM2000 is a brand name for a live-virus vaccine used to prevent smallpox. It contains the vaccinia virus, a virus closely related to smallpox. ACAM2000 is a live-attenuated virus vaccine, meaning it uses a weakened form of the virus. The vaccinia virus used in ACAM2000 is derived from a strain known as New York City Board of Health strain. It is administered by a prick method, where the vaccine is applied to the skin with a bifurcated needle. This causes a localized reaction at the vaccination site, which is a characteristic sign of successful immunization. The development of ACAM2000 was part of efforts to ensure a readily available vaccine for potential smallpox outbreaks. Smallpox was declared eradicated globally in 1980 by the World Health Organization. However, due to concerns about the potential for bioterrorism, vaccines like ACAM2000 are maintained in strategic stockpiles. Vaccination with ACAM2000 is not routinely recommended for the general public today but is available for specific populations, such as healthcare workers and military personnel, and for emergency use in the event of a smallpox release. Common side effects can include fever, headache, and a rash. More serious side effects, though rare, can occur, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or certain pre-existing medical conditions.