6HNO3

Nitric acid, also known as aqua fortis, is a highly corrosive and toxic mineral acid with the chemical formula HNO3. It is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and is often used as a strong oxidizing agent in various chemical reactions. Nitric acid is produced industrially by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia with oxygen in the presence of a platinum-rhodium gauze. It is a strong acid, capable of donating a proton (H+) to a base, and is commonly used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and in various industrial processes.

Nitric acid is also known for its role in the production of other chemicals, such as nitroglycerin, which is a key component in the manufacture of explosives. It is also used in the production of dyes, in the etching of metals, and in the purification of metals. Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent and can react with many metals to form their corresponding nitrates. For example, it can react with copper to form copper nitrate, which is a blue crystalline solid.

Nitric acid is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns and tissue damage upon contact with skin or eyes. It is also a potent oxidizer and can react violently with reducing agents, such as organic materials, to produce fire or explosions. Proper handling and storage procedures are essential when working with nitric acid to prevent accidents and ensure safety. It is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, safety glasses, and lab coats, when handling this chemical. Additionally, nitric acid should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.