4vector
A 4-vector is a mathematical object used in physics, particularly in special relativity, to represent events or quantities that have four components. These components are typically three spatial coordinates and one time coordinate. The concept of the 4-vector is crucial for understanding how physical laws remain consistent in different inertial frames of reference.
The components of a 4-vector are usually denoted by $A^\mu$, where the Greek index $\mu$ takes values
A key feature of 4-vectors is how their components transform under Lorentz transformations, which are the transformations
Examples of 4-vectors in physics include the spacetime position 4-vector ($x^\mu = (ct, x, y, z)$), the