4oxovaleric

4-oxovaleric acid, also known as levulinic acid, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COCH2CH2COOH. It is a versatile building block and a platform chemical derived from the degradation of carbohydrates, particularly C6 sugars. Levulinic acid is a solid at room temperature, appearing as white crystalline powder. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and diethyl ether.

The production of levulinic acid can be achieved through various methods, primarily involving the acid-catalyzed dehydration of hexoses like glucose or fructose. This process typically occurs under elevated temperatures and pressures. Significant research has been dedicated to developing efficient and sustainable routes for its synthesis, often exploring biomass as a feedstock.

Levulinic acid is a key intermediate in the production of a wide range of valuable chemicals and materials. Its keto and carboxylic acid functional groups allow for diverse chemical transformations. It can be converted into biofuels, such as methyl levulinate, and various polymers. Additionally, it serves as a precursor for pharmaceuticals, solvents, plasticizers, and fragrances. Its potential applications in the bio-based economy are substantial, positioning it as an important sustainable chemical.