480i480p

480i and 480p are two common video formats used primarily for standard-definition (SD) television and video playback. The number 480 refers to the total number of horizontal scan lines that constitute the visible image on the screen. The letters i and p denote whether the video is interlaced (i) or progressive (p).

In an interlaced format (480i), each frame is split into two fields of 240 lines. The fields are displayed alternately, with the first field showing the odd-numbered lines and the second field showing the even-numbered lines. This technique, developed for analog broadcast to reduce bandwidth, can create a smoother motion for fast-moving content but may result in combing artifacts when displayed on progressive-scan displays. 480i is commonly found on legacy analog television sets and older digital broadcasts, especially in regions such as North America that historically used 525-line NTSC standards.

Progressive scan (480p) displays each full frame of 480 lines in a single pass. Because the entire image is refreshed at once, progressive video eliminates interlacing artifacts and provides a clearer image on modern displays. It is favored in DVD video, some Blu‑ray titles, and online streaming services where screen resolution is limited but the aim is high visual fidelity. While progressive scan requires more bandwidth than interlaced video, the trade‑off is a cleaner picture on flat‑panel monitors and LCD TVs.

Both formats are considered standard definition; they provide a 4:3 or 16:9 aspect ratio depending on the source. With the advent of high‑definition (720p, 1080i/p, 4K) technologies, 480i and 480p remain primarily used for legacy content, educational broadcasting, and in situations where bandwidth conservation is critical.