2methoxyphenol

2-methoxyphenol, also known as o-methoxyphenol or guaiacol, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C7H8O2. It is a simple phenol in which a hydroxyl group is ortho to a methoxy substituent on a benzene ring. Its IUPAC name is 2-methoxyphenol and it is commonly referred to as guaiacol. The compound is typically described as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a distinct smoky, vanilla-like odor. It has a relatively high boiling point for a small phenol, around 205 °C, and is only sparingly soluble in water but readily dissolves in many organic solvents.

Natural occurrence and production

Guaiacol occurs naturally in small amounts as a product of lignin degradation and is notably associated with wood smoke and some resinous plant materials. It is also produced commercially for use in flavors, fragrances, and as an intermediate in organic synthesis. In industry, guaiacol is often obtained from lignin-containing materials or produced through chemical processes that release methoxyphenol structures during lignin or resin processing.

Applications

Guaiacol serves as a flavor and fragrance ingredient, contributing smoky and vanilla-like notes in various products. It is also employed as an intermediate in the synthesis of aroma compounds and pharmaceuticals. Historically, it has been used in the production of vanillin and other related compounds.

Safety and handling

As a phenolic compound, guaiacol is typically handled with care due to potential irritation to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract. It is flammable and should be stored away from ignition sources with appropriate ventilation and personal protective equipment.

References

This entry summarizes common chemical data and general uses of 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol).