19371995

1937–1995 denotes a span of modern history that encompasses World War II, the Cold War, decolonization, and the early emergence of the Information Age.

Geopolitically, the period includes the escalation and conclusion of World War II, the founding of the United Nations, the division and eventual dissolution of the Soviet bloc, and widespread political realignments. The Cold War defined security and diplomacy for decades, while decolonization reshaped political maps in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

Economically, postwar reconstruction, secular growth in many economies, and the expansion of global trade occurred, aided by institutions founded at Bretton Woods. The latter part of the century saw market-oriented reforms and globalization, along with persistent disparities.

Scientifically and technologically, the era saw the invention of the transistor (1947), the development of computing, the birth of ARPANET (1969), space exploration including the 1969 Moon landing, and advances in medicine, genetics, and communications.

Culturally, this period saw shifts in art, music, film, and mass media, alongside social movements such as civil rights, feminism, and environmental awareness. By the mid-1990s, the Cold War had ended and digital networks began to reshape economies and societies.