18901910

1890–1910 refers to the calendar years 1890 through 1910 inclusive. In historical writing, this span marks the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a period that encompasses the end of the Second Industrial Revolution and the emergence of modern industrial society. The era saw rapid industrialization, urban growth, and the expansion of global trade and empire, along with social and political change driven by new technologies and ideas.

Technological and economic development during this interval included the continued spread of electricity, improvements in transportation networks, and the rise of mass production. The age saw the emergence of the automobile and the early development of aviation, highlighted by the Wright brothers’ first powered flight in 1903. In science, early quantum ideas began to reshape physics, with Max Planck proposing quantum theory in 1900 and Albert Einstein publishing influential papers in 1905.

Cultural life and the arts experienced significant shifts as well. Art Nouveau flourished in the 1890s into the early 20th century, while cinema emerged as a new form of mass entertainment in the mid- to late 1890s. Literary and artistic moves toward modernism began to take shape during this period, setting the stage for later movements.

Politics and world affairs featured imperial competition among European powers and regional conflicts that foreshadowed broader upheavals. Notable events in this window include the Spanish-American War of 1898 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, alongside reform currents such as the Progressive Era in the United States.

The 1890–1910 interval is often seen as a transitional era linking Victorian-era developments to the modern world, influencing science, culture, and global politics in the ensuing decades.