1635

1635 was a year in the 17th century marked by continuing conflict and imperial expansion. In Central Europe, the Peace of Prague, signed May 30, 1635, between Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and the Electorate of Saxony, helped resolve part of the Thirty Years' War by withdrawing Saxon troops from Bohemia and adjusting the war’s balance in that theater. Later that year, France entered the wider conflict by declaring war on Spain, bringing France into the war on the side of the Protestant powers and intensifying the continental struggle.

In the Mughal Empire of South Asia, architectural projects and court patronage continued. The Taj Mahal, begun in 1632 under Shah Jahan, was under construction during the mid-1630s, reflecting the era’s monumental architectural program.

Across the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean, European powers pressed colonial expansion and trade. The Dutch, English, and French pursued settlements and commercial networks in the Americas and Asia, often amid military and diplomatic rivalries.

In science and culture, the period was part of the broader Scientific Revolution and the Baroque cultural milieu, with ongoing debates in astronomy, philosophy, and the arts reflecting a rapidly changing European intellectual landscape.

1635 stands as a year in which political realignments in Europe, together with ongoing imperial projects elsewhere, helped shape the course of early modern history.