11hydroksydehydrogenaza

11-Hydroxydehydrogenase (11-HSD) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of corticosteroids, particularly cortisol. It is found in various tissues throughout the body, including the liver, kidneys, and adipose tissue. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, which is a less active form of the hormone. This reaction is reversible, allowing for the regeneration of cortisol when needed.

11-HSD exists in two main isoforms: 11-HSD1 and 11-HSD2. 11-HSD1 is primarily found in the liver and kidneys, where it helps to regulate cortisol levels by converting it to cortisone. This isoform is often referred to as the "inactivating" form because it reduces the biological activity of cortisol. In contrast, 11-HSD2 is found in adipose tissue and the brain, where it converts cortisone back to cortisol. This isoform is known as the "activating" form because it increases the biological activity of cortisol.

The activity of 11-HSD can be influenced by various factors, including genetic variations, hormonal status, and environmental conditions. Dysregulation of 11-HSD activity has been linked to several health conditions, such as hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. For example, genetic variants of 11-HSD1 have been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, while variants of 11-HSD2 have been linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Research on 11-HSD is ongoing, with a focus on understanding its role in health and disease. Potential therapeutic targets for 11-HSD inhibitors and activators are being explored for the treatment of conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases.