örvényáramveszteségeket

Örvényáramveszteség, commonly translated as eddy current loss, refers to the power dissipated as heat within a conductor due to circulating electrical currents induced by a changing magnetic field. These induced currents, known as eddy currents, are a consequence of Faraday's law of induction. When a conductive material is subjected to a time-varying magnetic flux, a voltage is induced within the material. If the material forms a closed conductive path, these voltages drive currents.

Eddy current losses are particularly significant in applications involving alternating current (AC) circuits, such as transformers, motors, and generators. In these devices, the magnetic cores are typically made of ferromagnetic materials. The constantly changing magnetic field within the core induces eddy currents in the material itself. Because the core has finite resistance, these currents encounter opposition, leading to the generation of heat through the Joule effect (I²R loss).

To mitigate eddy current losses, the conductive cores of electrical devices are often laminated. Lamination involves dividing the core into thin sheets, or laminations, which are insulated from each other by a thin layer of varnish or oxide. This insulation increases the overall resistance of the conductive paths, thereby reducing the magnitude of the eddy currents and consequently minimizing power dissipation. The direction of the eddy currents is also restricted by the laminations, further hindering their circulation. The effectiveness of lamination depends on the thickness of the laminations and the frequency of the alternating magnetic field. Thinner laminations and lower frequencies lead to reduced eddy current losses.