Ülekoormusandureid

Ülekoormusandureid, also known as overloads, are devices designed to protect electrical systems and components from damage caused by excessive current or voltage. They are commonly used in various applications, including power supplies, motors, and electronic circuits. Overloads can be categorized into two main types: thermal overloads and electronic overloads.

Thermal overloads operate on the principle of heat generation. When the current flowing through a conductor exceeds a safe limit, the conductor heats up. A bimetallic strip, which is a thin strip made of two different metals bonded together, bends due to the temperature difference between the metals. This bending action triggers a switch to open the circuit, thereby protecting the system from overload.

Electronic overloads, on the other hand, use semiconductor components to monitor the current or voltage levels. These devices typically include a comparator that compares the actual current or voltage with a reference value. If the actual value exceeds the reference, the comparator triggers a switch to open the circuit. Electronic overloads offer faster response times compared to thermal overloads and can be more precise in protecting the system.

Overloads are essential for maintaining the safety and reliability of electrical systems. They ensure that components do not overheat or fail due to excessive current, thereby preventing potential hazards such as fires or explosions. Proper selection and installation of overloads are crucial for effective protection, and they should be chosen based on the specific requirements of the electrical system.