Électrocautérisation

Électrocautérisation is a medical procedure that uses heat generated by electric current to destroy or remove abnormal tissue and to stop bleeding. It is also known as electrocoagulation or diathermy. The heat is delivered through an electrode, which can be a needle, a wire loop, or a flat surface, depending on the specific application. The electric current passes through the tissue, causing cells to heat up and coagulate, effectively sealing off blood vessels and destroying the targeted cells.

This technique is widely used in various surgical specialties, including dermatology, gynecology, ophthalmology, and general surgery. In dermatology, it is often employed to remove skin tags, warts, moles, and other small skin growths. In gynecology, it can be used for procedures like cervical conization or to treat abnormal uterine bleeding. Electrocauterization is also valuable for controlling hemorrhage during surgery by coagulating small blood vessels.

The procedure can be performed in different ways. Monopolar electrocauterization uses a single active electrode and a grounding pad placed on the patient's body to complete the electrical circuit. Bipolar electrocauterization uses two electrodes, one active and one return, which are typically positioned close together to confine the current to a small area. The choice of method depends on the specific medical situation and the surgeon's preference. While generally safe, potential risks include burns, scarring, and infection, though these are minimized with proper technique and sterile conditions.