Återfallsfriheten

Återfallsfriheten is a term used in Swedish policy and discourse to describe a period during which an individual who has undergone treatment or punishment remains free from relapse into criminal behavior or substance use. The concept is used to discuss rehabilitation outcomes, reintegration into society, and risk management, rather than as a formal legal status.

In criminal justice contexts, återfallsfriheten is associated with processes surrounding release, probation, and supervision, and with the aim of reducing recidivism. In health and social care, it refers to sustained abstinence or controlled use following treatment for addiction or other addictive behaviors. The term emphasizes the continuity of positive change rather than a single event.

Measurement of återfallsfriheten varies. Different time frames (for example six months or one year) and different definitions of relapse (new criminal offense, re-arrest, return to treatment, or relapse in substance use) may be used. Data can come from criminal justice records, treatment program outcomes, self-reports, or biological tests. Because of varying definitions, comparing results across programs or studies can be difficult.

Policy relevance: The concept informs evaluating rehabilitation programs, parole schemes, and aftercare services. It supports approaches that combine supervision with social supports, such as housing, employment, education, and evidence-based treatment. Critics warn that focusing on relapse-free periods may oversimplify recovery and risk stigmatizing individuals with longer, nonlinear recovery trajectories.