þjóðhöfðingis

The Icelandic word "þjóðhöfðingi" translates to "head of state" in English. It is a term used to refer to the highest-ranking official in a nation, embodying the sovereignty and unity of the people. In Iceland, the role of þjóðhöfðingi is primarily held by the President of Iceland. The President serves as the ceremonial head of state and represents the nation both domestically and internationally. While the President holds significant symbolic authority, the day-to-day executive power in Iceland is vested in the Prime Minister and the government, who are accountable to the Althing, the Icelandic parliament.

The President's responsibilities include signing legislation, appointing ministers and judges, and acting as a unifying figure for the nation. The position is intended to be apolitical, with the President expected to act impartially and above party politics. Elections for the President are held every four years, and the candidate with the most votes is elected. The concept of a þjóðhöfðingi is crucial in understanding the structure of Icelandic governance, highlighting the distinction between the symbolic leadership of the head of state and the active governance carried out by the elected government. The term itself, derived from "þjóð" (nation) and "höfðingi" (chieftain or leader), underscores the leader's connection to the entire populace.