ülaltoodud

Ülaltoodud is a Estonian adjective meaning the above-mentioned or the previously stated. It is used to refer to elements that have already been described or listed earlier in the same document, allowing the writer to avoid repetition. The term is common in formal writing, such as legal texts, academic articles, official reports, and administrative documents.

The word is a compound formed from a directional element meaning above and the past participle toodud, which conveys the sense of something that has been stated or presented. When used before a noun, ülaltoodud functions as an attributive modifier, for example: ülaltoodud punkt, ülaltoodud lõik, ülaltoodud dokumendid. It agrees with the modified noun in number and case, so forms change in plural or in different grammatical cases according to Estonian grammar.

In practice, ülaltoodud is most appropriate in formal contexts where precise referencing is important. It often appears in sections that summarize, cite, or refer back to earlier parts of the text. While highly common in official texts, it is less typical in everyday conversation, where more direct words like “eelmainitud” or simple pronouns might be preferred depending on style and register.