ühikvektor

ühikvektor is a term used in some contexts, particularly in Estonian, to refer to a unit vector. A unit vector is a vector in Euclidean space that has a magnitude, or length, of one. Unit vectors are often used to indicate direction. If a vector v is non-zero, then the unit vector in the direction of v is given by the vector v divided by its magnitude, ||v||. This operation is called normalization.

Unit vectors are fundamental in many areas of mathematics and physics. For example, in three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates, the standard basis vectors are i, j, and k, which point along the positive x, y, and z axes, respectively. These are unit vectors, and any vector in three-dimensional space can be expressed as a linear combination of i, j, and k. The concept of unit vectors is essential for defining directions, angles, and rotations in vector spaces. They simplify calculations involving directionality and ensure that the magnitude of a vector does not interfere with its directional information. The notation for a unit vector is sometimes a lowercase letter with a hat above it, such as â.