útvonalvisszakeresés

Útvonalvisszakeresés, also known as route backtracking or pathfinding, refers to the process of finding a sequence of steps or a path to solve a problem or reach a goal. This is a fundamental concept in computer science and artificial intelligence, often employed in navigation systems, game AI, and optimization algorithms.

The core idea involves exploring a set of possible states or nodes, typically represented in a graph structure. An algorithm starts at an initial state and systematically searches through adjacent states until it reaches the desired goal state. If a path leads to a dead end or a state that has already been visited without progress, the algorithm "backtracks" to a previous state and explores alternative options.

Common algorithms for útvonalvisszakeresés include Depth-First Search (DFS) and Breadth-First Search (BFS). DFS explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking, while BFS explores all neighbors at the present depth prior to moving on to the nodes at the next depth level. More advanced algorithms like A* search incorporate heuristics to guide the search more efficiently, prioritizing paths that are more likely to lead to the goal.

The effectiveness of útvonalvisszakeresés depends on the size and complexity of the search space, as well as the chosen algorithm. In practical applications, memory and computational resources are significant considerations. Therefore, efficient data structures and algorithmic optimizations are crucial for solving complex pathfinding problems in a timely manner.