øredråper

Øredråper are liquid medications or solutions applied to the ear canal to treat various ear conditions. The term comes from the Scandinavian languages: "øre" meaning ear and "dråper" meaning drops. They are used for infections, inflammation, otorrhea, and to remove earwax. Standard formulations include antibiotic drops such as neomycin or bacitracin for bacterial ear infections, cortisone-containing drops for allergic or inflammatory conditions, and decongestant drops for otitis media with effusion. Vasodilatory solutions using phenylephrine or oxymetazoline relieve pressure and promote drainage.

Because the ear canal is a closed environment, øredråper must be administered precisely. The typical instruction is to tilt the head, usually with the treatment ear facing upward, to allow the solution to reach the ear canal. Consumers should avoid adding drops if the eardrum is perforated or if a water-filled tube (ear transporter) has been fitted. In some countries, over‑the‑counter lubricant drops containing polyethylene glycol or mineral oil help soften impacted wax for easier removal.

Safety guidelines advise that individuals should consult a healthcare professional before using øredråper if they have a history of ear disease, frequent infections, or are pregnant. Some drops contain preservatives that can trigger sensitization in a small subset of patients. When used as directed, adverse effects are rare; overuse may cause ototoxicity from certain antibiotics or irritation from acidic formulations.

The first documented use of ear drops dates back to the early 20th century, when physicians experimented with osmotic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory solutions. Modern pharmacology has refined concentrations and delivery mechanisms, such as prefilled syringes and foam-based droplets, to improve patient compliance. Internationally, numerous pharmacopoeias list recommended preparations for different auditory conditions, ensuring accessibility and standardization across healthcare systems.