øjenstillinger

øjenstillinger refers to the position or alignment of the eyes. In a typical, healthy individual, the eyes are in a state of orthophoria, meaning they are perfectly aligned when both eyes are open and looking at a target. This alignment allows for binocular vision, where the brain fuses the images from both eyes into a single, three-dimensional perception.

Deviations from this ideal alignment are known as phorias or tropias. A phoria is a latent deviation, meaning the eyes are aligned under normal viewing conditions but tend to drift apart when binocular fusion is disrupted, such as when one eye is covered. A tropia, on the other hand, is a manifest deviation, where the eyes are visibly misaligned even when both eyes are open.

Common types of eye deviations include esotropia (inward turning of an eye), exotropia (outward turning of an eye), hypertropia (upward turning of an eye), and hypotropia (downward turning of an eye). These misalignments can be constant or intermittent and can affect one or both eyes.

The term øjenstillinger also encompasses the way the eyes move and coordinate. Eye movements are complex and involve precise muscle control. The coordinated action of the extraocular muscles allows the eyes to track moving objects, shift focus, and maintain fixation. Disorders affecting eye movements can lead to difficulties with reading, depth perception, and overall visual comfort. Maintaining proper øjenstillinger is crucial for effective and comfortable vision.