îngreuna

Îngreuna is a Romanian verb meaning to make something heavier or more difficult to manage, to hinder, or to complicate. It can refer to physical weight, as well as to abstract obstacles or burdens.

Etymology and usage notes

The word derives from the adjective greu (heavy) with the prefix in- that conveys causation or intensification. In use, îngreunează commonly expresses the act of increasing difficulty or burden in a situation, task, or process. It is transitive and can describe both concrete and abstract hindrances.

Conjugation and forms

In the present tense, the common forms are: eu îngreunez, tu îngreunezi, el/ea îngreunează, noi îngreunăm, voi îngreunați, ei/ele îngreunează. The past participle is îngreunat, as in am/ai/are îngreunat. The word can also function as an adjective in contexts like un proces îngreunat, meaning a process that has been made heavier or more difficult.

Examples

Zăpada abundentă îngreunează drumurile. Răspunsurile neclare îngreunează analiza rezultatelor. Bugetul restrâns poate îngreuna implementarea programului.

See also

Related Romanian terms include a îngrăuna (to fence off or enclose) and a impiedica (to impede). Îngreuna is commonly used in formal and semi-formal writing to describe hindrances in systems, procedures, or plans.