économiques

Économiques is the feminine plural form of the French adjective économique. It describes nouns related to the economy or to the discipline of economics. It is commonly found in phrases such as politiques économiques, conditions économiques, réformes économiques, or réalités économiques. The form is identical for masculine plural, which can create ambiguity without context: un système économique vs des systèmes économiques; des conditions économiques.

Usage and field: In French, the discipline is normally termed économie (singular) or sciences économiques. The field studies how societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy wants. Key branches include microéconomie, macroéconomie, économie internationale, économie du développement, économie publique, and économie comportementale. Methodologies combine theoretical modelling and empirical analysis, including statistics and econometrics. Economic analysis informs public policy, business strategy, and social debate, often appearing in debates about growth, employment, inflation, and inequality.

Origins and context: The term traces to Latin oeconomia via Old French; the adjective économique derives from économie, reflecting its link to households, markets, and national economies. In modern French, économique refers to the economy or to economic aspects; the plural form économiques appears in numerous compound terms and headlines. The word is used broadly across political, academic, and media contexts to describe phenomena, policies, and trends related to economic activity.