äärmärke

An äärmärke is a traditional Finnish marking or brand used on livestock, particularly cattle, sheep, and horses, to indicate ownership. These markings were historically important in rural Finnish communities for identifying animals that might stray or be part of a communal grazing system. The term itself translates roughly to "ear mark" in Finnish.

Äärmärkes could be applied in various ways, including cuts, holes, or specific shapes punched or notched into the animal's ear. The patterns were unique to each owner or family, and their design was often passed down through generations. Recording and understanding these markings was a crucial skill for farmers and local authorities to resolve disputes over livestock. While less common today due to modern tracking methods like ear tags and microchips, the practice of äärmärke holds cultural significance and is a reminder of historical agricultural practices in Finland. Some older farmers may still employ them, and their study offers insights into past rural life and social structures.