állatsejtek

Állatsejtek (Animal cells) are the basic building blocks of all animals. They are eukaryotic cells, meaning they have a membrane-bound nucleus that contains the genetic material. Unlike plant cells, animal cells lack a rigid cell wall and chloroplasts, and they typically have smaller vacuoles or none at all.

A typical animal cell consists of several key components. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, encloses the cell and regulates the passage of substances in and out. Within the cell membrane is the cytoplasm, a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and suspends the organelles. The nucleus is a prominent organelle containing DNA, which carries the instructions for cell growth, function, and reproduction.

Other important organelles in animal cells include mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, which generate energy through cellular respiration. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. Centrioles are involved in cell division. The size and specific functions of these organelles can vary depending on the type of animal cell and its role in the organism.