Ühendusvardad

Ühendusvardad, often referred to as connecting rods in English, are essential mechanical components found in many reciprocating engines. Their primary function is to connect the piston to the crankshaft. This connection allows the linear, or reciprocating, motion of the piston, which is caused by the combustion of fuel, to be converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft. The crankshaft, in turn, powers the rest of the drivetrain.

The basic design of a connecting rod consists of a shank, a big end, and a small end. The small end is typically attached to the piston via a piston pin (or gudgeon pin), allowing for a pivot. The big end, which is usually split into two halves, encircles the crankpin on the crankshaft and is secured with bolts. Bearings, often made of bronze or babbit material, are fitted within the big end to reduce friction and wear between the rod and the crankshaft.

Connecting rods are subjected to immense forces during engine operation, including tensile and compressive loads, as well as bending stresses. Therefore, they are typically manufactured from strong materials such as forged steel or titanium alloys to withstand these demanding conditions. The precise design and material selection of connecting rods are critical for engine performance, efficiency, and longevity.