Øresundbrücke

Öresund Bridge, in Danish Øresundsbroen and Swedish Öresundsbron, is a fixed link across the Øresund strait that connects Denmark and Sweden. It links the Danish capital Copenhagen on Amager with the Swedish city of Malmö, forming a key part of the Øresund Region and the European route E20. Since its opening, the link has facilitated cross-border commuting, trade, and cultural exchange.

Construction started in 1995 and the structure was completed in 1999, with opening to traffic on 1 July 2000. The fixed link comprises a long bridge and an undersea tunnel that together carry both road and rail traffic. The road uses the upper deck while the railway operates on a lower deck. The overall length, including approaches, is about 15.9 kilometers, making it one of Europe’s longest road–rail fixed links.

The road traffic is tolled; the tolls are collected by the Danish-Swedish operator Sund & Bælt to finance construction and maintenance. The railway portion is used by the Øresundståg regional trains, which connect Copenhagen and Malmö and continue to other cities in Denmark and Sweden.

Impact and significance: The Öresund Bridge has significantly altered travel patterns and regional development by integrating the Copenhagen-Malmö corridor. It is considered a major infrastructure project within the European Union's trans-European transport network and a defining feature of the Øresund Region. It also faced environmental and planning debates during its realization.