Öppnades

Öppnades is a Swedish verb form that functions as the simple past passive of the verb öppna, meaning "to open." It indicates that something was opened by someone or something else in the past, with the agent often expressed in a prepositional phrase using av (by).

In Swedish, the passive voice can be formed with the suffix -s in the present tense (öppnas, “is opened”) and with the suffix -des in the past tense (öppnades, “was opened”). The agent of the action is frequently introduced by an av-phrase, but may be omitted when the actor is unknown or deemed unimportant.

Öppnades is commonly used in written narration and descriptive passages, such as news reports, historical accounts, or formal descriptions. It contrasts with öppnade, which is the active past tense form meaning “opened (by someone).” For example, Dörren öppnades av vakten means “The door was opened by the guard,” whereas Dörren öppnade vakten means “The guard opened the door.”

The form also reflects broader Swedish grammar in which the passive voice is expressed with suffixes on the participle rather than through a separate auxiliary verb, a feature shared with other Germanic languages. Etymologically, öppna derives from older forms in Scandinavian languages, and the passive -des ending participates in a long-standing pattern of past passive constructions.

See also: Swedish grammar, passive voice in Swedish, verbs with -s and -des endings.