Ögonfunktion

Ögonfunktion refers to the complex biological processes that enable vision. It begins when light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent outer layer that refracts light. The iris, a colored muscular diaphragm, controls the size of the pupil, the opening that regulates the amount of light reaching the lens. The lens, located behind the iris, further focuses the light onto the retina at the back of the eye.

The retina contains millions of photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. Rods are highly sensitive to light and are responsible for vision in low-light conditions, while cones detect color and detail in brighter light. When light strikes these photoreceptors, it triggers a series of chemical and electrical signals. These signals are then processed by other nerve cells in the retina, including bipolar cells and ganglion cells.

Finally, the ganglion cells transmit these processed signals along the optic nerve to the brain. The optic nerve carries the visual information to the visual cortex, located in the occipital lobe of the brain. Here, the signals are interpreted as images, allowing us to perceive the world around us. This intricate interplay of light, ocular structures, and neural pathways constitutes ögonfunktion. Any disruption to these components can lead to various visual impairments.