Ögonbuliposition

Ögonbuliposition refers to the anatomical location and alignment of the eyeball within the bony socket of the skull, known as the orbit. This position is maintained by a complex interplay of extraocular muscles, connective tissues, and the orbital fat. The precise alignment ensures that both eyes face forward, allowing for binocular vision, which is crucial for depth perception and spatial awareness.

Several factors influence ögonbuliposition. The six extraocular muscles (four recti and two obliques) work in coordination to move the eyeball and maintain its central position. The orbital septum and tarsal plates provide structural support, while the orbital fat acts as a cushion and allows for smooth movement. Innervation by cranial nerves III, IV, and VI is essential for controlling these muscles and thus the eye's position.

Deviations from the normal ögonbuliposition can lead to conditions such as strabismus (misaligned eyes), exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball), or enophthalmos (recession of the eyeball). These deviations can be caused by a variety of factors, including congenital abnormalities, trauma, neurological disorders, or endocrine diseases like Graves' ophthalmopathy. Assessment of ögonbuliposition is a key component of ophthalmological examinations to diagnose and manage various eye conditions.