Ósæðina

Ósæðina, also known as the aorta, is the largest artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and extends down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries that supply blood to the legs. The primary function of the aorta is to carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

The aorta is a vital component of the circulatory system. Its strong, elastic walls allow it to withstand the high pressure generated by the heart's pumping action. As blood leaves the heart, it enters the ascending aorta, which then arches over to become the aortic arch. From the aortic arch, the descending aorta continues downwards, passing through the chest cavity (thoracic aorta) and then into the abdomen (abdominal aorta).

Several major arteries branch off from the aorta to supply blood to specific regions. These include the coronary arteries, which supply the heart muscle itself, and the carotid arteries, which supply the head and neck. Further down, branches supply the arms, abdominal organs, and the lower body.

Diseases affecting the aorta can be serious. Conditions like aortic aneurysm, a bulging or swelling of the aorta, and aortic dissection, a tear in the inner layer of the aorta, can be life-threatening. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including managing blood pressure and cholesterol, is crucial for aortic health.